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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Mrs. Madison, getting ventricular contractions showed left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrilation resulted in mild atrial thickening/dilatation, Mrs. Madison upon exam ECG 1, Mrs. Madison has ~10 yr history of hypertension -due to obesity family history of hypertension - both sisters overweight, sinus rhythm maintained discharged on antihypertensive reginment of metoprolol, angiotensin receptor blocker and thyazide diuretic, BP 140/85 treated with intravenous heparin and warfarin, electrical cardioversion resulting in BP of 160/90, esophageal echocardiogram to rule out atrial clot, metoprolol B-AR blocker metoprolol binds to beta 1 receptor on heart, ECG 1 multiple P waves atrial fibrilation, ECG 1 prolonged but normal QRS getting ventricular contractions, Mrs. Madison upon exam cool extremities, pale skin jugular veins distended no "a" wave no heart murmur apical impulse slightly left small, rapid, irregular beats, Mrs. Madison is 52 y/o 64" 180 lbs 30.9 kg/m2, resting HR=70bpm abnormal rhythm not sinus rhythm, electrical cardioversion confirmed results with ECG 3, antihypertensive reginment of metoprolol, angiotensin receptor blocker and thyazide diuretic want to maintain lower BP to decrease afterload, intravenous heparin and warfarin warfarin binds Vit. K receptor in liver to prevent correct formation of clotting factors, ~10 yr history of hypertension -due to obesity family history of hypertension - both sisters overweight which called for thiazide diuretic ACE inhibitor Ca2+ channel blocker, binds to beta 1 receptor on heart blocks sympathetic stimulation, sympathetic stimulation resulting in resting HR=70bpm