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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Topic 8 CIs and P values, Chi-Square test (x2) is the comparison of observed (sample) data, Tests of significance are Confidence Intervals (CI), P-values significant if p = ɘ.05 (less than or equal to), Confidence Intervals (CI) calculated by Mean +/- (1.96 x SD), CI includes ZERO the result is NOT statistically significant, Chi-Square test (x2) used to analyse categorical data, Mean +/- (1.96 x SD) gives us 95% limits of this CI, P-values determines whether we accept or reject the null hypothesis, CI includes one the result is NOT statistically significant, observed (sample) data to see if it differs significantly from the population from which it was drawn, Confidence Intervals (CI) For RR or OR if the CI includes one, NOT statistically significant because Zero is the NULL value for the mean difference, NOT statistically significant because 1 is the NULL value for RR and OR, categorical data resulting in a p-value, Confidence Intervals (CI) for the Mean if the CI includes ZERO, Tests of significance are Chi-Square test (x2), Tests of significance are P-values