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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Module 2 - Early cleavage decisions & patterns, Urchin unlike frog sperm entry anywhere, G1 and G2 phases are eliminated creating a shorter division time division times for subsequent divisions take about a third of the time of initial cleavage, cytoplasm divides equally until till 16 cell stage, bisceting (perpendicular) the cresent which takes approximately 95 minutes (1st division), centrally located yolk confines cleavage to cytoplasmic rim, Drosophila initial cleavage 20-30 minutes, mesoderm forms skeleton, muscle, kidney, heart, blood, macromeres (4) leads to derm layer ectoderm, till 16 cell stage at which point new divisions results in cells different sizes, blastomeres (determined by cytoplasmic determinates) animal pole mesomeres, human development in regards to gastrulation, Drosophila undergoes synctial division, the nuclei divides rapidly due to superficial cleavage, cells to divide more in the animal pole leading to uneven daughter cells, planes of division to switch which allows divsions to be synchronous, the sperm's nucleus and centriole which causes the cortical part to rotate, which moves pigment so the gray crescent can appear, takes about 45 minutes subsequent divisions take about 15 minutes, yolk (vegetel pole) which slows the cleavage due to inhibitory weight, Frog determined by the gray crescent, Fish/Birds contain uneven yolk (more in the vegetal pole)