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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Case 1 Prophylactic trimming, INTRA-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS What are the risks? Possible Risks, PRE-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS How is the animal handled? Restraint, When a pinkish color is seen on the sole, stop trimming. step 5 Use a disinfectant such as iodine if bleeding is seen., CASE 1: PROPHYLACTIC HOOF TRIMMING Overgrown hooves in a dairy cow and goat How often should this be done? Factors influencing hoof trimming intervals (scroll over), INTRA-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS Species Dairy Cow, CASE 1: PROPHYLACTIC HOOF TRIMMING Overgrown hooves in a dairy cow and goat after POST-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS, Goat Visual Aids VIDEO: Hoof trimming in goat, PROCEDURE step 1 Firstly, the goat should be properly restrained. A halter and rope can be used to tie the animal to a post and a handler should be present to hold the animal and limb while it is being trimmed. It may be easier to place the goat in an upright sitting position., 1. Cut the medial claw to length with a pincers 7.5cm. The measurement is made from the start of the hard horn just distal to the perople to the toe. The cuts are made perpendicular to the solear surface. 2. Using the medial claw as a guide, measure and trim the toe on the lateral claw to the same length.The front wall of the lateral claw may be slightly longer than the front wall of the medial claw. Pare the sole of the lateral claw to the correct thickness. The toes of the medial and lateral claws should be flat across the toes and flat from toe to heel., Cow Trimming Involves Procedure is described for the rear claws as they are most commonly the problem. When trimming the front claws this would be done in the reverse order to procedure below that is lateral claw first since lameness usually occurs on the front feet and involves most often the medial claw., 2. Using the medial claw as a guide, measure and trim the toe on the lateral claw to the same length.The front wall of the lateral claw may be slightly longer than the front wall of the medial claw. Pare the sole of the lateral claw to the correct thickness. The toes of the medial and lateral claws should be flat across the toes and flat from toe to heel. 3. Shape the axial sole so that the sole slopes toward the interdigital space. Do not reduce the weight bearing surface any more than is necessary. trim less rather than more, proper sloping of the sole will take pressure off of the typical site at the caudal part of the lateral sole and will open up the interdigital space so that manure and other debris are less likely to accumulate., 1. Cut the medial claw to length with a pincers 7.5cm. The measurement is made from the start of the hard horn just distal to the perople to the toe. The cuts are made perpendicular to the solear surface. Note: This is the most crucial measurement and cut of the entire procedure. If the toe is cut too short then the corium of the toe will be exposed to trauma when the cow walks. It is better to cut slightly too long than too short. The pincers can be used to trim the wall along the abaxial side of the hoof. Pare the solear surface of the medial claw with the hoof knife, taking more of the sole off of the toe than the heel. the heel should be spared as much as possible and in any cases will not need the be trimmed at all. In cases where the heel has grown too long, it should be trimmed to the proper length and shape. Be sure to leave ample sole to protect the corium 5-7mm. The weight bearing surface should be flat and in the correct plane i.e. 90 degrees to the leg., Client Education see flyer Client education flyer, PRE-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS What tools are needed? Equipment (Scroll Over), INTRA-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS Species Goat, 4. Balance the heels. The weight bearing surfaces should be flat across the heels. On dairies, where the cows do not have to walk very far and hoof trimmers may 'rest' the lateral heel by trimming it about 3-5mm lower than the medial heel. On most of dairies where the cows walk greater distances and have more wear on the heels. "Resting the heels if they are already thin is not advisable. The correctly trimmed, normal foot should have a flat weight-bearing surface (wall and sole) and should be flat across the toes and heels and flat front to back. The correctly trimmed, normal foot should also be perpendicular to the leg of the cow whenviewed from the front or the rear., Clean the hooves so that they are free from dirt and debris. This will allow the person trimming the hooves to see the structures more easily and the tools being used will not become dull. step 3 Remove any excess growth from the wall of the hoof. The wall and toes can be clipped using a shears while the heel and sole can be cut using the hoof knife. The sole should be trimmed down in thin slces until the heel, sole and wall form a flat surface in which the goat can properly stand at a correct angle of 45 degrees., Cow Trimming How? 1. Cut the medial claw to length with a pincers 7.5cm. The measurement is made from the start of the hard horn just distal to the perople to the toe. The cuts are made perpendicular to the solear surface., PRE-OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS What is needed? Background information (scroll over), Goat How? Procedure